Macro Research

US Outlook 2026: Downgrading US equities on softening economic fundamentals

AI spending should sustain strength in the US economy, but signs of strain are emerging.

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  • Published on 05 Dec 2025

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Key Points

  • The labour market is cooling, with private-sector data showing rising layoffs and softer hiring. However, a sharp surge in unemployment from AI-driven job losses is unlikely.
  • Inflation is expected to remain sticky above the Fed’s 2% target in 2026, with goods prices rising due to tariffs, while services inflation gradually eases, aided by cooling shelter costs.
  • We expect US economic growth to moderate in 2026, weighed down by softer consumer demand. AI-related investment should help prevent a recession, but cracks in the economy are emerging.
  • The digital economy remains a bright spot, supported by strong AI demand, rising monetisation, and diversified revenue streams.
  • Considering stretched valuations and downside risks from a slowing US economy, we have downgraded US equities to 2.0 Stars “Not Attractive” while remaining positive on the digital economy sector.
If there is one word to describe the US market in 2025, it is “resilient”. Despite an unprecedented global trade war and fears of a recession, US equities have held up well, returning 16.7% year-to-date (in USD terms, as of 3 Dec 2025). But as the impact of high tariffs continues to ripple through the economy and supply chains, and as consumer sentiment weakens, can the US economy and stock market continue to stay resilient? 

Labour market to continue cooling 


Assessing the labour market has been a challenge for economists and investors this year due to the US government shutdown. The latest but dated September jobs report from the Bureau of Statistic painted a mix picture, with nonfarm payrolls rising a solid 119,000 while the unemployment rate edged up from 4.3% to 4.4%, the highest in nearly four years.

More recent data from private providers, however, suggest a clearer softening in the labour market. ADP reported a decline of 32,000 in private payrolls in November, following a 47,000 gain in October and falling short of expectations for a 10,000 increase. Outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas also reported that US-based employers announced 153,074 job cuts in October, a 175% rise from the 55,597 cuts recorded in the same month last year.

Firms are increasingly discussing layoffs as they anticipate weaker demand, tariff-related costs pressures, and potential productivity gains from AI-driven automation. Companies like UPS and Verizon have announced major cuts, while tech firms Amazon and Meta are also trimming costs to focus spending on AI initiatives

Figure 1: Private payrolls have contracted in four out of the past six months

Nonetheless, we do not expect AI to displace workers significantly in 2026, as adoption remains low and will take time to grow. Some companies are also choosing to upskill their existing workforce to leverage AI tools rather than lay off employees. JPMorgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon has stated that headcount is expected to remain steady or even rise, as employees affected by AI are retrained and redeployed. Furthermore, artificial general intelligence (AGI)—a form of AI capable of performing tasks across domains at human-level proficiency—is unlikely to emerge anytime soon. 

Therefore, while the unemployment rate is likely to pick up amid cautious hiring and increasing layoffs, we do not foresee a sharp acceleration in unemployment at this stage. 

Inflation to pick up but remain manageable 


Goods inflation has been picking up, while services inflation has continued to decline—a trend we expect to persist in the coming year (Figure 2).

Core good prices should keep rising as pre-tariff inventories deplete and companies increasingly pass on tariff costs to consumers. That said, we do not expect a sharp increase in goods prices as companies are likely to absorb part of the cost increase given weak consumer sentiment and stiff competition. 

Figure 2: US inflation is likely to pick up 

At the same time, we expect core services inflation to continue moderating but remain at an elevated rate in 2026. Leading indicators of shelter inflation — such as the Zillow Rent Index (which tracks changes in market rate rent) and the S&P Cotality Case-Shiller Home Price Index (which measures changes in the value of single-family homes) point to further cooling in shelter-related inflation, which should help ease services inflation. 

We expect overall inflation to remain sticky above the Fed’s 2% target in 2026 but not accelerate significantly. 

Figure 3: Shelter inflation should continue cooling in 2026

US economic growth to moderate 


With the labour market continuing to cool and consumer prices edging higher, consumer demand is likely to soften in 2026. This moderation in spending is already starting to show in the data, with retail sales rising just 0.2% month-over-month (MoM) in September, down from 0.6% in August. 

Lower-income households, in particular, are under mounting pressure, with rising car delinquencies and repossessions. This signals that their spending power is under real strain, as Americans generally prioritise car payments because of their essential role in commuting for work and meeting other daily needs. Consumer discretionary companies like McDonald’s and Chipotle have also reported declining traffic from this consumer segment in their third quarter earnings report. 

Figure 4: Delinquencies in the US are rising

On the other hand, spending among higher-income households remains strong, supported by the wealth effect where rising asset values boost consumers’ willingness to spend. Stocks make up a large share of high-income households’ net worth, so gains in the equity market tend to increase their propensity to spend. Since the top 10% of Americans by income account for nearly half of consumer spending, we can expect overall US consumer spending to moderate but continue holding up in this increasingly bifurcated economy. However, should there be a sustained sell-off in the stock market, consumer spending could be impacted significantly. 

Figure 5: Equities represent a major portion of US household net worth

On a positive note, US consumers are likely to receive a temporary boost early next year from larger-than-usual income tax refunds. Many of the tax cuts under President Donald Trump’s One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) are retroactively effective from 1 January 2025. As the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) will not adjust tax withholding rates in 2025, taxpayers will effectively overpay this year and receive larger refunds in early 2026, providing some additional spending power. 

Consumption aside, we also expect heavy AI-related spending on data centres, equipment, and software to help keep the US economy afloat. Big Tech companies (Meta, Alphabet, Microsoft, and Amazon) are projected to invest USD 500 billion in capital expenditures next year, a 35% increase from 2025. While part of this would go toward imported components such as chips, which subtract from GDP, AI spending is still expected to provide a meaningful boost to economic growth. 

Figure 6: Big Tech firms are expected to sustain their elevated CAPEX

Overall, US GDP is likely to grow at a slower pace in 2026, weighed down by a softening—but not cratering—labour market, and tariff pressures on consumers and businesses. While the US could avoid a recession due to continued AI spending, cracks are certainly starting to show. 

Underweight the US while remaining positive on the Digital Economy sector


In view of weaker consumer demand, we remain cautious on consumer stocks, preferring sectors less reliant on domestic demand. The tech sector stands out, with over half its revenue generated overseas, providing some insulation from a potential US slowdown. It is also projected to lead S&P 500 earnings growth in 2026 with high double-digit earnings growth, fuelled by strong AI demand and rising AI monetisation. 

Demand for compute continues to soar, benefiting major cloud players such as Microsoft, Amazon, and Alphabet. Their diversified business segments spanning productivity apps, e-commerce, and advertising respectively also leave them less vulnerable to an AI bubble. Meanwhile, companies like Salesforce and Adobe are successfully integrating AI into their offerings, boosting user engagement and revenue. Combined with productivity gains from incorporating AI into internal processes, we expect increasing AI adoption to continue supporting both top-line and bottom-line growth for tech companies.


Figure 7: Tech companies generate a significant amount of revenue overseas

Figure 8: The tech sector is expected to continue leading S&P 500 earnings growth 

In the absence of structural growth drivers beyond AI, we are less constructive on the broader US equity market, which continues to face headwinds from tariffs, policy unpredictability under the Trump administration, and weak consumer sentiment. While the impact of tariffs has been relatively muted so far, we expect their effects to persist into next year. The risk of further trade escalation also remains, as the most severe tariffs on China have only been paused.

At 25.7X forward 12-month earnings, the S&P 500 is not cheap today. It is currently trading above both its 10-year average of 20.4X and one standard deviation level of 23.6X. Applying a fair PE of 22x to estimated 2027 earnings implies a limited upside potential of just 10%. Considering stretched valuations and downside risks from a slowing US economy, we are downgrading US equities from 2.5 stars “Neutral” to 2.0 “Not Attractive”. 

Rather than taking a broad-based preference for the US simply because of its large tech exposure, we prefer a more targeted focus on the digital economy – particularly internet and China tech stocks. While we remain cautious about the sharp run-up in US semiconductor share prices — which has pushed valuations to elevated levels and leaves little room for disappointment — we prefer Asian semiconductor companies, particularly those in Taiwan and South Korea. We also encourage investors to consider other markets such as Singapore and China, where the tailwinds and upside potentials are stronger.

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Table 1: Projections for the S&P 500 Index

S&P 500 Index

2024

2025E

2026E

2027E

Earnings Per Share (EPS)

238.3

271.1

306.2

342.7

Earnings Growth YoY

7.5%

13.7%

12.9%

11.9%

PE Ratio (X)

28.7

25.3

22.4

20.0

Target Price (based on a fair PE of 22X)

7540

Upside Potential

10.1%

Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P., iFAST Compilations.

Data as of 30 November 2025


Figure 9: Shares prices are driven by earnings growth in the long run

Table 2: Recommended products

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