Macro Research

Asia: Why you should remain onboard the Asian equity train

Here are five reasons why we remain onboard the Asian equity train and see better days ahead.

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  • Published on 26 Aug 2022

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  • Asia is reopening progressively and further traction on the reopening should support economic momentum in 3Q/4Q. Despite moderating, macro data show that exports and manufacturing remain supported. China is also easing on all fronts, which will greatly support the region.
  • Asian equities are less vulnerable to the risk of earnings disappointment relative to other major markets as consensus has been pessimistic and heavy-handed in earnings revision. Earnings growth will face near-term challenges but long-term secular support remains firm.
  • Asian equities have de-rated significantly and valuations are attractive. The region’s forward PE ratio is trading at a 12% discount relative to its long-term average.
  • On balance, the risk-reward for Asian equities is improving after the sell-off this year. We now expect a 43% upside by end-2024.

Asian equities, like most major markets, have been challenged this year. The region (as gauged by MSCI Asia ex Japan index) has fallen by -17% year-to-date (in SGD terms, as of 25 August 2022) (Chart 1), with the returns largely dominated by weak performance from Chinese equities. Despite the lacklustre performance, we remain onboard the Asian equity train. In this article, we outline the factors why.

Chart 1: 1H22 has been challenging for Asian equities, but prices are gaining momentum lately


1. Asia re-opening a key driving force


Asia’s reopening is progressing steadily and further traction should support economic momentum in 2H22. At a country level, international travel has resumed and is steadily picking up for most ASEAN nations, India, and South Korea. For regions that have partially or yet to reopen, such as China, and Taiwan, domestic restrictions have also eased significantly as Covid-19 cases decline. As such, the more economically sensitive parts of these economies have rebounded, potentially lending support to economic momentum in 3Q/4Q. 

Economic data validates the above view. Leading indicators, such as the manufacturing PMI, show that the manufacturing sector for most Asian countries are still expanding monthly (PMI above the value of 50). More importantly, PMIs have rebounded from their year-to-date lows, pointing to a pickup in growth momentum.

Export growth for the regional economies are also seeing a likely halt in its decline after data for June and July improved for several economies. A July rebound in the Nomura Asia Export Leading index, which has a 3-month lead on Asia's aggregate exports, further supports the rebound narrative. That said, PMIs for South Korea and Taiwan indicate softening growth given the ongoing down-cycle in semiconductor and cooling electronics demand. 
 

Table 1: PMIs remain above 50 (expansionary territory) for most Asian economies.

Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P., iFAST compilations. Data as of Aug 22.


Chart 2: Asia’s export growth improved in June and July. Leading indicator point to more support for exports  

 
More broadly, the Citi Economic Surprise Index (CESI) for APAC, which measures the degree to which economic data is beating or missing estimates, shows that macro data for the regions are beating estimates (denoted by the positive value) and the magnitude of positive beat has risen in 3Q (denoted by the ascending line, Chart 3). These observations suggest that either macro data in Asia is coming in strong and/or estimates have been pessimistic. 

Either way, both are positive as the former can be taken as a sign of strength for Asia’s macro health and the latter implies lesser room for negative price reaction if data disappoints. More importantly, amongst major economic regions, APAC is the only one with a positive and upwards-trending CESI value (increasing magnitude of positive beats on macro data) (Chart 3). This is reflective of a stronger growth momentum in Asia, unlike the other regions. 

Chart 3: Amongst major economic regions, APAC is the only one that is seeing positive beats (on consensus estimates) at a greater magnitude since 3Q22. 

 

2. China’s policy backdrop remains accommodative


Furthermore, China – a key part of the Asian growth story – is easing on multiple fronts. On the fiscal front, policymakers have been stepping up efforts throughout 2022 to bolster its economy through targeted policy measures. These included the issuance of special bonds for infrastructure spending, tax rebates, and a cut in vehicle taxes. On the monetary front, the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) has responded with surprise policy rate cuts, lowering the rate on its one-year policy loans and the seven-day reverse repo rate. 

China has also been calibrating and softening its Covid-19 restrictions since 2021, moving subtly from a strict approach that pursues zero infections towards what they now call "dynamic zero", a less restrictive approach that aims to contain outbreaks in the shortest time possible. Under this stance, China has begun to ease domestic and border restrictions, resulting in a swift rebound in mobility. While we do not discount the possibility of new restrictions, we believe future lockdowns may be more targeted and implemented with the potential growth impact in mind.

All things considered, we see clear signs that China is easing on all fronts and policymakers are now more focus on growth stabilisation than before. Therefore, considering China’s tight equity (around 36% of MSCI Asia ex-Japan index) and economic linkage to Asia, an improvement in the current situation should have positive spill-over to the region, thereby driving the equity performance.

3. Lower risk of earnings disappointment relative to other major markets


The earnings downgrade cycle (EPS downgrades from peak to trough) for Asian equities started in February, led by China. Current fiscal year consensus EPS for Asian equities has been revised down -9% year-to-date (as of 15 August 2022), driving a cascade of negative price reactions. On the contrary, consensus EPS estimates for other major developed markets are still largely optimistic in the same period (Chart 4).

This is driven by the disparity in consensus views regarding the respective regions (Asia and Western developed markets). For Western developed markets (DMs), such as US and Europe, consensus estimates are generally positive throughout the year, with earnings downgrade only starting in the current quarter. However, going forward, we see EPS estimates for these DM equities as overly optimistic given ongoing profit headwinds and the macro backdrop. In contrast, pessimism regarding Asian equities has amassed as consensus has started to pencil in negative revisions six months ago.

Already, we are seeing a string of better-than-expected earnings results in 2Q, including the likes of TSMC, JD.com, Alibaba, Tencent, and AIA. This is in contrast to developed markets, where we have already seen a number of high-profile earnings misses from companies such as Microsoft, Alphabet, Meta, Nestle, and Roche.

This is significant as we now see a higher risk for earnings disappointment and potentially larger negative EPS revisions for DM equities, implying a larger risk of negative price reactions. In fact, in the current quarter, analysts have started to revise the EPS of many DMs lower (Chart 4). Comparatively, this means Asian equities are less vulnerable to such risks and, with consensus expectations arguably lower, there may even be room for positive surprises. 

Chart 4: Earnings estimates for Asian equities have already moved lower relative to other major DMs

 

4. Intermittent earnings weakness but long-term outlook supported


Despite the negative revisions to EPS estimates and profit headwinds, we expect earnings for Asian equities to grow 2%-4% for FY22 –FY23, before a 12% rebound in FY24 (table 2). Earnings growth will likely face more challenges in the near term as a result of Asia tech weakness and slowing global growth. 

We expect near-term profit headwinds for Asia tech due to the moderating global demand, which has cooled orders for semiconductor and tech hardware companies, and the current de-stocking trend in tech hardware companies given elevated levels of inventory thereby resulting in selling price cuts. In China, the regulatory headwinds - which we believe have subsided lately - and slowing growth, have also hurt earnings growth of many Chinese internet companies, contributing to the sector’s weakness.

Table 2: Earnings growth expected to rebound after the next few years  


Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P., iFAST estimates, iFAST compilations. Data as of Aug 22.


However, we believe this weakness is likely temporal and the long-term outlook is still well supported as i) the semiconductor down-cycle and tech de-stocking trends are cyclical in nature (we estimate to be around 4 – 6 quarters), which like every cycle, it comes and goes. ii) Also, we continue to observe a growing leadership in Asia tech companies beyond the conventional semiconductor industry and in areas such as 5G, automation, electric vehicles, and e-commerce. We increasingly see new secular opportunities emerging in these industries.

There are also signs that the earnings weakness is temporal when comparing against historical EPS downgrade cycle. As highlighted in the above section, Asian equities are currently caught in an EPS downgrade cycle – its sixth cycle (Table 3). This current cycle is around seven months old and EPS has been revised down by -10%, since its peak in February. Comparatively, each of the past five cycles lasted an average of 10 months, with an EPS downgrade of around -21% from peak to trough. 

Therefore, by the duration of a typical EPS downgrade cycle, the current one is more than halfway through the cycle. By the magnitude of the downgrade, the current one is roughly halfway through the cycle. These observations suggest that Asian equities may in fact be midway through its EPS downgrade cycle. If the current cycle moves closely with history, this implies that further downgrades, while possible, might not be severe and unlikely to be lengthy.

Table 3: Historical EPS downgrade cycles for Asian equities

Source: Refinitiv Eikon, IBES, J.P. Morgan Equity Macro Research, iFAST compilations. Data as of Aug 22.


Compelling valuations after major de-rating


Valuation, in terms of the forward PE ratio (with FY22 EPS estimate), for Asian equities has de-rated significantly in the year-to-date – by almost one standard deviation from historical average (chart 5). The region’s forward PE valuation has declined to 11.9X, trading at an attractive 12% discount relative to its long-term average. Despite the hefty earnings downgrade year-to-date, valuations have continued to de-rate in the same period, bringing the forward PE ratio back to levels not seen since the Covid-19 trough, the trade-war, and periodic lows during 2011 – 2016.

Chart 5: Asian equities have de-rated significantly since 2021 and are trading at a 12% discount to long-term average

 
Valuations across many sectors are not only trading at a discount but also closer to historical lows (Chart 6). For sectors that trade at a premium (Consumer Discretionary, Communication Services, Health Care, Consumer Staples, and Utility), most have larger earnings downgrade relative to price weakness, which is core to why valuations remain elevated. 

Investors and analysts have been pessimistic about Asian equities, as reflected by prices and consensus estimates respectively. We believe this is reflected by valuation multiples – which are closer to the historical bottom than the average - for both an index and sectoral level. Therefore, the ongoing pessimism and extreme valuation levels imply that we may see lesser equity downside should sentiments deteriorate further. 

Chart 6: Valuations are cheap across most sectors. Sectors with elevated multiples, are largely driven by drastic earnings downgrades.

 

Key risks


A renewed Covid-19 outbreak in China remains a key risk for Asian equities. Given the nation’s 'dynamic zero' Covid policy, we believe the Covid-19 situation in China should be closely monitored as a renewed outbreak will likely re-instate lockdowns across major cities. This makes the nation’s recovery momentum vulnerable as economic activities tend to fall while domestic demand moderates during lockdowns.

A prolonged cyclical downturn for semiconductor and electronics is another key risk for Asian equities. We believe the chip industry is likely to be in the early stages of a down cycle as many chipmakers have guided for a slowdown in earnings growth and are planning to reduce their capital expenditure. Demand for electronics is also rolling over as global growth slows, particularly for major electronics consumer markets like US, Europe, and China. While a cyclical downturn in these areas is starting to weigh on earnings for many South Korean and Taiwanese equities, the risk of a prolonged downturn may have deeper implications on Asian equities.

Improving risk-reward after sell-off


Applying our designated fair PE ratio of 14.5X on EPS projections over the next two years, we project a target price of 920 for the MSCI Asia ex-Japan Index by end-2024 which implies a 43% potential upside (as of 25 Aug 2022) (Chart 7, Table 3). On balance, we believe the risk-reward for Asian equities is improving. The region is expected to face near-term headwinds, especially on the earnings front, but the impact is likely to be cyclical. We believe the broad macro and earnings backdrop remains firm and unlikely to fall off the cliff. The valuation of Asian equities remains attractive, despite earnings downgrade, and we expect fewer downside if sentiments deteriorate further. All things considered, we remain on board the Asian equity train.

For investors who wish to seek exposure to Asia’s equity market, we recommend the iShares Core MSCI Asia ex Japan ETF for a passive approach. For an active approach, we recommend the Fidelity Sustainable Asia Equity A-USD.

Chart 7: Earnings forecast and price performance of MSCI Asia ex-Japan Index

 

Table 3: Projections for the MSCI Asia ex-Japan Index

Asia (MSCI Asia ex-Japan Index)

FY2021

FY2022

FY2023

FY2024

PE ratio (X)

12.2

11.9

11.4

10.1

Projected earnings growth (YoY %)

26.3%

2.4%

4.0%

12.4%

Projected Earnings Per Share (EPS)

52.8

54.1

56.3

63.3

Target fair price (Based on 14.5X Fair PE ratio)

-

-

-

920

Potential upside (%)

-

-

-

43.3%

Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P., iFAST estimates. Data as of 25 Aug 2022. 


The Research Team is part of iFAST Financial Pte Ltd

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